2025, Tema 5. Precišcavanje otpadnih voda, pp. 277-284
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Analiza uticaja otpadnih voda na površinske vode rijeka Zeta i Morača
Analysis of the effect of wastewater on the surface waters of the rivers Zeta and Morača
Abstract
Ekstremni i enormni razvoj čovječanstva na svim područjima, a naročito na polju tehnologije, za posljedicu ima razvoj naselja i povećanje broja stanovnika, što uslovljava zagađenje čovjekove okoline, a među najteže oblike spada i zagađenje voda. Svakako da se povećanjem broja stanovnika povećava potrošnja vode, a samim tim se povećava i količina otpadnih voda [1]. Glavni izvori zagađenja rijeka Zeta i Morača su svakako sanitarne i fekalne otpadne vode, koje se ispuštaju u ove površinske tokove bez prethodnog adekvatnog tretmama. Ovo je posebno izraženo u opštini Danilovgrad i glavnom gradu Podgorica. Naime, opština Danilovgrad nema izgrađeno postrojenje za prečišćavanje otpadnih voda, dok je postojeće postrojenje u Podgorici neodgovarajućeg kapaciteta. Opština Nikšić posjeduje PPOV kapaciteta 110.000 ES, na kojim se primjenjuju tri vrste obrade: primarni, sekundarni i tercijarni tretman kojim se vrši uklanjanje N, S i P. Na ovom PPOV-u se vrši i dezinsekcija efluenta. Postojeće PPOV u Podgorici je kapaciteta 55.000 ES i ima dvije vrste obrade: primarni i sekundarni tretman. Na ovom postrojenju se ne vrši dezinfekcija efluenta. Svrha analize pritisaka i uticaja je da se identifikuju značajni pritisci koji utiču na tijela površinskih voda rijeka Zete i Morače.
Sažetak
Due to the extreme and enormous development of mankind in all areas, especially in the field of technology, the result is the development of settlements and an increase in the number of inhabitants, which conditions the pollution of the human environment, and water pollution is among the most severe forms. Of course, the increase in the number of inhabitants increases the consumption of water, and thus the amount of waste water also increases [1]. The main sources of pollution of the Zeta and Morača rivers are certainly sanitary and fecal waste water, which is discharged into these surface streams without prior adequate treatment. This is especially pronounced in the Municipality of Danilovgrad and the Capital City of Podgorica. Namely, the Municipality of Danilovgrad does not have a wastewater treatment plant built, while the existing plant in Podgorica is of inadequate capacity. The municipality of Nikšić has a WWTP with a capacity of 110,000 EP, on which three types of treatment are applied: primary, secondary and tertiary treatment, which removes N, S and P. Disinsection of the effluent is also carried out at this WWTP. The existing WWTP in Podgorica has a capacity of 55,000 EP and has two types of treatment: primary and secondary treatment. Effluent disinfection is not carried out at this facility. The purpose of the analysis of pressures and impacts is to identify significant pressures affecting the surface water bodies of the Zeta and Morača rivers.
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