Railway transport is essential for the economic development of countries. However, railway project management faces a number of challenges. This scientific article analyzes the current problems and proposes solutions for the optimization of railway transport. The article examines the European policy forthe development of railway transport and the role of the state in the construction, management and rehabilitation of the railway infrastructure. An overview of the possibilities for financing railway projects through funds from the state budget and funds from the European Union is presented. The article provides analysis and suggestions for improving the management of railway projects and achieving a more efficient and sustainable railway transport.