This paper explores the concept of persons with disabilities in the context of the labor market in the Republic of Serbia, defining their rights and challenges. It analyzes the legal framework, including key legal acts that regulate this area, such as the Law on Professional Rehabilitation and Employment of Persons with Disabilities. Data from two population censuses and four annual reports from the National Employment Service are examined to present trends in employment and the participation of persons with disabilities. Based on the findings, the paper offers recommendations for improving institutional support and more effective implementation of legal mechanisms. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of greater inclusion of persons with disabilities in the workforce and the need for stronger cooperation between government bodies, employers, and organizations advocating for the rights of persons with disabilities.