The paper presents the methodological framework of environmental risk assessment. The methodology was applied at the theoretical level and through the example of air pollution in urban areas. Conceptually, paper is set up in such a way that it descriptively provides an insight into the applicability of the given ecological risk assessment model, but also opens up the possibility of concretely solving other and not only environmental problems. The research is aimed at assessing the impact of a number of stressors on the ecological components of the urban environment. The consequences of these impacts are manifested through an increased degree of air pollution, mostly through the impact of stationary and mobile pollutants. It was used the ecological risk assessment methodology is scientifically and internationally confirmed in both theoretical and practical terms, which provides a good basis for its implementation in our ecological space and problems. The paper provides a more detailed insight into the development of the conceptual assessment model. The given methodological framework and its application should, from a scientific and professional point of view, contribute to the area of air protection in urban areas.