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Inovacije u korišćenju 3D štampe za tekstilna vlakna
Innovation of using 3D printing for textile fibers
Project: Ministarstvo nauke, tehnološkog razvoja i inovacija Republike Srbije (institucija: Univerzitet u Beogradu, Tehnički fakultet u Boru) (MPNTR - 451-03-68/2020-14/200131)
Abstract
Tekstilna vlakna se proizvode na prirodan način, a sve češće imamo priliku da vidimo nemoguće strukture tekstila koji zadržavaju poželjna svojstva, poput negužvanja, dugoročne obojenosti, postojanosti na temperature, otpornost na insekte i slično. Za širenje upotrebe štampanog tekstila veliku zaslugu će imati uređen sistem u kome je tehnologija povezana sa ekonomijom, ekologijom, resursima, informatikom i marketingom. Mnoge metodologije unosa filamenta (materijala) su slične, a razlika postoji u samim materijalima koji se koriste, kao i u procesu opšte primene i kombinovanja i spajanja materijala, tako da proizvod bude dugotrajno korišćen. Modni trendovi su nešto što negativno utiče na proizvode, ali je to rešeno reciklažom i doradom odeće ili obuće. Ključni moment za razvoj 3D štampe u tekstilstvu će biti širokodostupna tehnologija štampe, širokopojasni internet i širokodruštveno prihvatanje inovativnih materijala. U ovom radu se predstavljaju tehnologije koje koriste različite filamente u proizvodnji tekstilnih vlakana, a onda i konačnih proizvoda koji ne moraju biti samo odevni, već i za potrebe građevinarstva, odbramene svrhe i poljoprivrede. Razlog koji svaka industrija traži je korišćenje veštačkog materijala koji ima slične karakteristike kao prirodni, pri čemu će neka svojstva biti poboljšana i konkurentna na tržištu.
Sažetak
Textile fibers are produced in a natural way, and more and more often we have the opportunity to see impossible textile structures that retain desirable properties, such as non-creasing, long-term coloring, temperature stability, resistance to insects and the like. For the expansion of the use of printed textiles, a well-organized system in which technology is connected with economy, ecology, resources, informatics and marketing will have a great merit. Many filament (material) input methodologies are similar, and the difference is in the materials used, as well as in the process of general application and combining and joining of materials, so that the product is used for a long time. Fashion trends are something that negatively affects products, but this is solved by recycling and refurbishing clothes or shoes. The key moment for the development of 3D printing in the textile industry will be widely available printing technology, broadband internet and broad social acceptance of innovative materials. This paper presents the technologies that use different filaments in the production of textile fibers, and then also final products that do not have to be only clothing, but also for the needs of construction, defense and agriculture. The reason that every industry is looking for the use of artificial material that has similar characteristics to natural ones, where some properties will be improved and competitive in the market.
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