The relationship between sociodemographic factors and level of nutrition among children population in Serbia
(naslov ne postoji na srpskom)
aUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Katedra za higijenu sa ekologijom, medicinu rada i fizičko vaspitanje, Srbija
bUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Katedra za anatomiju i sudsku medicinu, Srbija
cUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Srbija
dUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Katedra za socijalnu medicinu, uvod u medicinu i veštinu komunikacije sa pacijentom, Srbija
eUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Katedra za hirurgiju, Srbija
fAcademy of Applied Studies Belgrade, The College of Health Sciences, Belgrade
Ključne reči: children age; pre-obesity; obesity; socioeconomic factors; Serbia
Sažetak
(ne postoji na srpskom)
Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) affects individuals' health behaviours and contributes to a complex relationship between health and development. Due to this complexity, the relationship between SES and health behaviours is not yet fully understood, especially among children. The aim of this research was to determine the nutrition levels in the population of children age 15 to 19 years, in Serbia and describe its relationship with demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Methods and Objectives: The research is part of the fourth National Population Health Survey in 2019, which was conducted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia, in cooperation with the Institute of Public Health of Serbia and the Republic Institute of Statistics. As a research instrument, questionnaires were used in accordance with the methodology of the European Health Survey. For the purposes of this research, data on the population aged 15-19 was used. The relationships between nutrition levels and sociodemographic factors were examined with chi-square test and One-way ANOVA. Results: The proportions of nutrition levels among children were as follows: 2.7% was underweighted, 57.0% had normal weight, 11.4% was pre-obese and 6.0% was obese. There were 379 boys (54.1%) and 321 girls (45.9%), with mean age 17.2±1.3. Statistically significant correlation was found between levels of nutrition and gender (ch2=11.722; r=0.008) and age groups (ch2= 10.160; r=0.017) with chi-square test, and years of respondents (p < 0.001) with One-way ANOVA. No significant correlation was found with region (p= 0.063) and index of well-being (p= 0.844). Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that the underweight and normal weight is more common in girls while the pre-obesity and obesity in boys, especially in younger age groups (15-17 years), with highest percentages at the age of 16. Being pre-obese and obese in children age is considered as predictor of overweight in the adolescent and adult age, and overweigh is the risk factor for numerous non-communicable diseases. More preventive programs should be introduced for children age with goal of reducing the pandemic of obesity.
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