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2024, Saopštenja, str. 8-8
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Uticaj kombinovane nastave fizičkog vaspitanja i sportske gimnastike na antropološki status učenika osnovnih škola
Influence of combined teaching of physical education and sports gymnastics on the anthropological status of elementary school students
aDžavni univerzitet u Novom Pazaru, Departman za biomedicinske nauke, Srbija
bUniverzitet u Istočnom Sarajevu, Fakultet fizičkog vaspitanja i sporta, Pale, Republika Srpska, BiH
cUniverzitet u Nišu, Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja, Srbija
dUniverzitet u Prištini sa privremenim sedištem u Kosovskoj Mitrovici, Fakultet za sport i fizičko vaspitanje, Leposavić, Srbija
Sažetak
Cilj istraživanja je bio utvrditi da li redovna nastava fizičkog vaspitanja u kombinaciji sa dodatnim treningom iz sportske gimnastike, dovodi do statistički značajnih promena u morfološkim karakteristikama, motoričkim i funkcionalnim sposobnostima. Uzorak ispitanika činilo je 65 učenika muškog pola petog razreda uzrasta 11 godina (± 0.5 godina). Pored redovne nastave učenici su dodatno, jednom nedeljno u trajanju od 60 min, primenjivali trening iz sportske gimnastike, u trajanju od 12 nedelja. Do statistički značajnih promena na nivou statističke značajnosti od (p<0.05), došlo je kod sledećih varijabli: telesna visina, telesna masa, taping rukom, podizanje trupa, poligon natraške, skok udalj iz mesta. Kod varijabli: obim podlaktice, pretklon raznožno, izdržaj u visu zgibom i trčanje na 3 minuta je takođe došlo do razlika u odnosu na inicijalno merenje, međutim one nisu na statistički značajnom nivou. Dakle, može se zaključiti da nastava fizičkog vaspitanja u kombinaciji treningom gimnastike pozitivno utiče na motoričke sposobnosti i morfološke karakteristike učenika, dok kod aerobne izdržljivosti nije došlo do statistički značajnih transformacija. Autori studije su svesni potrebe pažljivog ograničavanja vlastitih zaključaka sa obzirom na uzrast i nivo takmičenja, kao i nepostojanje kontrolne grupe ispitanika. To zapravo znači, neophodne su dalje studije kako bi se dodatno ispitali efekti različitih tipova programiranog vežbanja u cilju poboljšanja ukupnih performansi učenika, mladih gimnastičara muškog i ženskog pola.
Abstract
The aim of the research was to determine whether regular physical education classes in combination with additional training in sports gymnastics lead to statistically significant changes in morphological characteristics, motor and functional abilities. The sample of participants consisted of 65 male fifth-grade students aged 11 years (± 0.5 years). In addition to regular classes, the students additionally, once a week for a duration of 60 minutes, applied training in sports gymnastics, for a duration of 12 weeks. Statistically significant changes at the level of statistical significance of (p<0.05) occurred in the following variables: body height, body mass, hand tapping, standing long jump, trunk lifting, polygon backwards, standing long jump. For variables: forearm circumference, deep bend various, stand up with a pull-up and running for 3 minutes, there were also differences compared to the initial measurement, however, they are not at a statistically significant level. Therefore, it can be concluded that the teaching of physical education in combination with gymnastics training has a positive effect on the motor abilities and morphological characteristics of the students, while there were no statistically significant transformations in functional ability. The authors of the study are aware of the need to carefully limit their own conclusions considering the age and level of competition, as well as the absence of a control group of participants.
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