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Poboljšanje vodosnabdevanja i smanjenje broja kvarova pomoću hidrauličkog modeliranja
Improving reliability of water supply and reducing the number of failures through hydraulic modeling
Abstract
Cilj svakog vodovodnog preduzeća je smanjenje gubitaka, koji predstavljaju količinu vode koja se proizvede i potisne u sistem a ne naplati. U ovom radu je posebna pažnja posvećena smanjenju gubitka pre svega kroz smanjenje troškova za popravke kvarova, kao i poboljšanju zadovoljstva korisnika, kroz obezbeđenje neprekidnog snabdevanja vodom u zahtevanim pritiscima u mreži. Opisan je uzrok nedostatka vode, kao i postojeća ograničenja rada vodovodnog sistema u naselju Barajevo. Predstavljena je kalibracija hidrauličkog modela oblasti Sremčica kroz koju prolaze tranzitni cevovodi i dati su predlozi za unapređenje rada sistema. Već prilikom kalibracije mogu se uočiti nedostaci sistema, kao što su neadekvatni prečnici cevi zbog čega dolazi do visokih pritisaka u mreži i sl. Precizno kalibrisan model pruža mogućnost pronalaženja varijantnih rešenja za otklanjanje nedostataka u sistemu. Sve ovo ne bi bilo moguće bez tačnih podataka o mreži (prečnik, materijal i godište cevovoda, cevne veze, zapremine i kote preliva rezervoara, nadmorske visine čvorova i sl), dovoljnog broja merenja i dobrog poznavanja rada sistema, poput uslova pojedinih podešavanja rada pumpi i rezervoara i sl.
Sažetak
The goal of every water company is to reduce losses, which imply to the amount of water that is produced and pushed into the distributing system, but not charged for. In this paper, special attention is devoted to loss reduction, primarily by reducing the costs for repairing system failures, as well as improving the user satisfaction level by ensuring a continuous supply of water at the required pressure in the system. The cause of the lack of water is described, as well as the existing limitations of the water supply system in the settlement of Barajevo. The calibration of the hydraulic model of the network within the area of Sremčica, through which the transit pipelines pass, is presented, and suggestions for improving the operation of the system are made accordingly. Already during the process of calibration, system deficiencies could be detected, such as inadequate pipe diameters that resulting in high pressures in the network, etc. Properly calibrated model represents a valuable tool that enables identification of the alternatives for correcting the deficiencies. All this would not be possible without accurate data about the network (diameter, material and year of installation of pipelines, pipe connections, tank volumes and overflows, elevations of nodes, etc.), a sufficient number of measurements and a good knowledge of the operation of the system, such as the conditions of certain pump and tank settings, etc.
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