2024, Izazovi prostornog i urbanistickog planiranja lokalnog nivoa - novi horizonti, str. 407-413
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Zelena tranzicija i lokalne zajednice u Srbiji - primer prve zadružne krovne solarne elektrane na Staroj planini
Green transition and local communities in Serbia: The example of the first cooperative rooftop solar power plant on Mt. Stara Planina
aUniverzitet u Beogradu, Geografski fakultet, Srbija + WISE Serbia: Women of Serbia in Sustainable Energy, Beograd bEnergetska zadruga Elektropionir, Beograd + NVO Zelena Tranzicija, Beograd
e-adresa: micalukic92@yahoo.com, sapetrovic22@gmail.com
Keywords: Mt. Stara Planina; solar energy; cooperative solar power plants; Pirot
Sažetak
Potpisivanjem Deklaracije o zelenoj tranziciji države Zapadnog Balkana su se obavezale da će do 2050.godine u potpunosti obustaviti proizvodnju energije iz uglja. Ipak zelena tranzicija predstavlja veliki izazov za Republiku Srbiju, posebno za njene ekonomski oslabljene i demografski opustele ruralne i planinske krajeve. Proizvodnja energije u Srbiji je u ovom trenutku i dalje vrlo centralizovana. Međutim kako bi se ostvarila zelena i pravedna tranzicija, potrebno je da se ista decentralizuje i demokratizuje. Primer dobre prakse u Srbiji, gde je ostvarena uspešna saradnja između građana, zadruge i lokalne samouprave jeste prva zadružna krovna solarna elektrana koja je podignuta u avgustu 2023.godine. Zahvaljujući potpisivanju ugovora o saradnji između Grada Pirota i Energetske zadruge Elektropionir, na krovnim površinama dva objekta (mesna zajednica u naselju Temska i dom kulture u naselju Dojkinci), izgrađene su dve elektrane snage po 5kW. Ono što ovaj projekat izdvaja od svih drugih jeste što su investitori elektrana bili upravo građani - kako stanovnici naselja Temska i Dojkinci, tako i svi drugi solidarni građani Srbije i okruženja. Putem donacijske kampanije sakupljen je novac potreban za projektovanje i podizanje elektrane, a tokom narednih 25 godina sva materijalna sredstva ostvarena od proizvodnje i prodaje električne energije biće namenjena lokalnim udruženjima za realizaciju projekata i aktivnosti koji će unaprediti lokalnu zajednicu.
Abstract
By signing the Declaration on Green Transition, the countries of the Western Balkans committed themselves to completely stop the production of energy from coal by 2050. Nevertheless, the green transition presents great challenges for the Republic of Serbia, especially for its economically weakened and demographically desolate rural and mountain areas. At the moment, energy production in Serbia is still very centralized. However, to achieve a green and fair transition, it needs to be decentralized and democratized. An example of good practice in Serbia, where successful cooperation between citizens, the cooperative, and the local self-government was achieved, is the first cooperative rooftop solar power plant that was built in August 2023. Thanks to the signing of a contract between the City of Pirot and the Elektropionir Energy Cooperative, two 5kW solar power plants were built on the roof surfaces of two buildings (in the Temska and Dojkinci settlement). What sets this project apart from all others, is that the investors of the power plants were citizens - both residents of the Temska and Dojkinci settlements, as well as all other solidary citizens of Serbia and the wider region. Through the crowdfunding campaign, the money needed for the design and construction of the power plant was collected, and during the next 25 years, all finance generated from the production and sale of electricity will be allocated to local associations and NGOs for the implementation of projects and activities, which will improve the local community.
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