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Etno-demografske karakteristike staroplaninske mikroregije Visok u funkciji turizma
Ethno-demografical characteristics micro region Visok of Stara Planina in the function of tourism
Ključne reči: Visok; etno-demografske karakteristike; turizam
Keywords: Visok; ethno-demographic characteristics; tourism
Sažetak
Visok je najveća mikroregija Stare planine, koja je smeštena ispod njenih najviših vrhova, na prosečno 800 metara nadmorske visine i 614,93 km2 površine. Obuhvata atare 23 seoskih naselja, od kojih su tri potopljena formiranjem Zavojskog jezera. Zahvaljujući svom geografskom položaju i drugim prirodnim pogodnostima i ona je veoma rano bila naseljena ljudima. Živeći u planinskim naseljima, njeni stanovnici su kontinuitet svog življenja i kulturnog razvitka sačuvali vekovima u izvornom neizmenjenom obliku. Sva njena naselja su vekovima funkcionisala kao zajednice, koje su izgrađivane u konkretnim geografskim, društveno-ekonomskim i istorijskim uslovima. Činjenice ukazuju da u naseljima ove mikroregije postoje antropogeni resursi koji se odlikuju svojom izvornošću i visokim stepenom očuvanosti i koje se mogu na različite načine turistički vrednovati. Način života, nošnja, običaji, predanja i jezik, vrlo su arhaični, vekovima se nisu menjali, pa su stoga privlačni za sve one koje interesuje prošlost, nauka, umetnost i duša naroda. Obilazak ovih naselja predstavlja vremeplov unazad, u daleke vekove, što istraživanja čini primamljivim za arheologe, etnologe, sociologe, biologe, lingviste, geografe, ali i mnoge turističke radnike i posetioce. U ovom radu će biti prikazane etno-demografske karakteristike naselja ovog dela Stare planine koje se mogu staviti u funkciju turizma, jer je to jedini način da se spasu od propadanja njene ugrožene, vekovima stvarane, kulturne i društvene vrednosti - jedinstvene po svojim osobenostima, kulturno-istorijskim karakteristikama i ljudima.
Abstract
Visok is the largest micro region of Stara Planina Mountain, located under its highest peaks, on the average altitude of 800m. It covers the territory of 614,93 km2 and districts of 25 settlements, including 3 settlements which were flooded with the formation of Zavojsko jezero lake. Owing to its geographical location and favorable natural conditions this micro region was inhabited a long time ago. The inhabitants of these mountain settlements have preserved the continuity of their living and cultural development unchanged for centuries. All of its settlements have existed in the form of communities for centuries and grew in specific geographical, socio-economic and historical conditions. The facts indicate that in the settlements of this micro region there are anthropogenic resources that are characterized by their originality and a high degree of preservation and that can be valued for tourism in different ways. The way of life, costumes, customs, traditions and language are very archaic, they have not changed for centuries, so they are attractive to all those who are interested in the past, science, art and the soul of the people. A tour of these settlements represents a time machine back to the distant centuries, which makes research tempting for archaeologists, ethnologists, sociologists, biologists, linguists, geographers, but also many tourist workers and visitors. In this paper, the ethno-demographic characteristics of the settlements of this part of Stara Planina will be presented, which can be put to the function of tourism, because this is the only way to save it from the deterioration of its endangered, centuries-old, cultural and social value - unique in its peculiarities, cultural - historical characteristics and people.
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