Today, when traditional energy has entered the phase of "ecological braking" and decarbonization of energy technologies, there is a transition of renewable sources and a "nuclear renaissance". In this regard, a "nuclear dilemma" appears in Serbia as well. After the question of whether to build a nuclear power plant, the question of location - where to build a nuclear power plant - is one of the most important when it comes to its fi t into the physical environment and social environment, and as such belongs to the circle of interest of spatial planners. Planning the choice of the location of a nuclear power plant requires a comprehensive scientific investigation of certain aspects and criteria (economic, technical, environmental, etc.). The purpose of such surveys is to identify possible threats to the safety of a facility in a given area, as well as to determine the degree of environmental impact. The results of the location research are reflected in the preparation of laws and bylaws, as well as planning, strategic and other documents and political decisions, which precede the construction of such facilities. Therefore, in the orientation choice of technology and place for the construction of a nuclear power plant, specialists in a wide range of disciplines participate, among which spatial planners have a synthetic role and importance, as well as state authorities of different territorial levels related to spatial planning and regional policy. Geographers and spatial planners, who are experts in the field of site studies, should be involved from the outset in the teams for the preparation of the location regulations and reports, which must be in line with the recommendations of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).