|
Environmental issue of sustainable textile industry: Examples of good manufacturing practices
Ekološki aspekt održivosti u tekstilnoj industriji - primeri dobre proizvođačke prakse
Project: Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia (Institution: University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy - IChTM) (MESTD - 451-03-68/2020-14/200026)
Abstract
Growing impact on the environment and the rising demand for water, energy and raw materials that has resulted from the worldwide expansion of industry, put the principles of sustainability and cleaner production in a front line, as emergent activity. The textile industry consumes a high amount of energy and generates an enormous quantity of wastewater-worldwide, it generates 20 % of industrial wastewater and 8 % of greenhouse gas (GHG), while cotton production uses large amounts of pesticides, water and fertilizers. Many aspects of sustainable textile industry are not related only to production process itself (product quality and its market price, production process, supply of raw materials and its costs), but also to nus products, energy and water consumption, equipment service time, occupational health, and environmental issue. Thus, successful companies in textile production are driven by the basic principles of sustainable development and implementation of good manufacturing practice and cleaner production principles. This paper presents main principles of environmental protection in textile industry to be adopted toward sustainable production; these principles consider minimization of water, energy, virgin raw materials and chemicals usage, which results in reduction of the CO2 emissions, toward climate neutral production and business. Described company increases the share of sustainable/renewable materials and recycled materials, by accomplishing its own sustainability goals concerning environmental issue.
Sažetak
Sve veći uticaj na životnu sredinu i rastuće potrebe za vodom, energijom i sirovinama, koje su posledica rasta industrijske proizvodnje na globalnom nivou, stavljaju principe održivosti i čistije proizvodnje u prvi plan, kao aktivnosti od izuzetnog značaja. Tekstilna industrija troši veliku količinu energije i stvara ogromnu količinu otpadnih voda -procenjuje se da na globalnom nivou proizvodi 20 % industrijskih otpadnih voda i 8 % gasova staklene bašte (GHG), a proizvodnja pamuka je značajan potrošač pesticide, vode i đubriva. Mnogi aspekti održive tekstilne industrije nisu vezani isključivo za sam proizvodni proces (kvalitet proizvoda i njegova tržišna cena, proizvodni proces, nabavka sirovina i troškovi proizvodnje), vecí za nus proizvode, potrošnju energije i vode, servisiranje opreme, zaštitu na radu i pitanje očuvanja životne sredine. Uspešna preduzeća u tekstilnoj industriji su vođena osnovnim principima održivog razvoja i implementacijom dobre proizvođačke prakse i principa čistije proizvodnje. Ovaj rad predstavlja glavne principe zaštite životne sredine u tekstilnoj industriji koje treba usvojiti u pravcu održive proizvodnje; ovi principi razmatraju minimiziranje upotrebe vode, energije, sirovina i hemikalija, što rezultira smanjenjem emisije CO2, prema klimatski neutralnoj proizvodnji i poslovanju. Opisana tekstilna kompanija povećava udeo održivih/obnovljivih i recikliranih materijala, ostvarivanjem sopstvenih ciljeva održivosti koji se tiču pitanja životne sredine.
|