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Seme koprive (Urtica dioica L.) kao održiv biljni resurs - procena potencijalne industrijske primene
Nettle seeds (Urtica dioica L.) as a sustainable plant resource: Assessing potential industrial application
Keywords: seme koprive; održiv biljni resurs; hemijski sastav; industrijska primena; održiva poljoprivreda
Abstract
Usled rastuće potražnje za održivim biljnim resursima sa visokim potencijalom primene u prehrambenoj, hemijskoj i drugim industrijama, seme koprive (Urtica dioica L.) izdvojilo se kao značajan, ali i dalje nedovoljno iskorišćen biljni resurs. Kopriva predstavlja održiv i ekološki prihvatljiv izvor sirovina jer prirodno raste širom Srbije i okolnih područja, bez potrebe za upotrebom pesticida ili intenzivnim agrotehničkim merama. U okviru ovog istraživanja analiziran je hemijski sastav semena koprive (uključujući sadržaj ugljenih hidrata, proteina, ulja, vlakana i vlage) radi procene njegove potencijalne industrijske primene. Rezultati ukazuju da se seme koprive odlikuje izuzetno visokim sadržajem ulja (preko 20%), proteina (više od 22%) i dijetetskih vlakana. Zahvaljujući takvom sastavu, seme koprive ima veliki potencijal za razvoj nutritivno bogatih proizvoda u prehrambenoj industriji. Pored toga, visok sadržaj ulja u semenu koprive ukazuje na njegov potencijal kao izvor sirovine za proizvodnju bioenergije, uključujući sintezu biodizela, u okviru održivih biljnih resursa. Osim nutritivnog potencijala, seme koprive može imati i ekonomski i društveni značaj. Njegova integracija u lokalne prehrambene lance može doprineti održivoj poljoprivredi, očuvanju tradicionalnih biljnih vrsta i razvoju malih i srednjih preduzeća u ruralnim područjima. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da seme koprive, kao održiva i ekološki prihvatljiva biljna sirovina, poseduje dobar potencijal za industrijsku primenu. Ipak, neophodno je sprovesti dodatna istraživanja kako bi se u potpunosti ispitao i potvrdio njegov multifunkcionalni potencijal.
Sažetak
In light of the growing demand for sustainable plant resources with high potential for application in the food, chemical or other industries, stinging nettle seeds (Urtica dioica L.) have been highlighted as a potentially important plant resource that is still underutilized. Nettle is a sustainable and environmentally friendly source of raw materials because it grows naturally throughout Serbia and the surrounding area without the need for pesticides or intensive agrotechnical measures. This research examines the chemical composition of nettle seeds (including their carbohydrate, protein, oil, fiber, mineral, and moisture content), in order to evaluate its potential industrial application. The results indicate that nettle seeds are notable for their exceptionally high oil content (exceeding 20%), proteins (above 22%) and dietary fiber. Thanks to a such composition, it has great potential for application in the development of nutritionally rich products in the food industry. Moreover, the high oil content in nettle seeds indicates their potential as a raw material for bioenergy production, including biodiesel synthesis, within the framework of sustainable plant resources. In addition to its nutritional potential, nettle seeds may also have economic and social significance. Their integration into local food chains can contribute to sustainable agriculture, the preservation of traditional plant species, and the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in rural areas. The results of the study show that nettle seeds, as a sustainable and environmentally friendly plant, have good potential for industrial application. However, further research is needed to fully examine and confirm its multifunctional potential.
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