Referential literature does not show approved differences between female and male musicians concerning cognitive and musical capacities. Although, research studies of personalities of musicians in various countries showed certain differences that could have diverse grounds. In this text, we will present a meta-analysis of the data concerning gender differences gained in various research studies on the four subsequent age groups: 6 to 12; 13 to 18; 18 to 23 and 24 and older, which were carried out in Serbia by the author and collaborators. Number of participants involved in these research studies is between 140 and 650. Personality inventories (NEO-P-R, HSPQ, BSRI) and Questionnaire for the assessment of students' personalities were used, as well as the assessment of students' musical achievements. When talking about personality characteristics, findings point to statistically significant differences regarding gender in the four age groups: pupils in early music tuition, adolescents at specialized music schools, music students at the University of Arts and professional musicians, i.e., teachers in music schools for the gifted. Along with age and a growing experience in musical activities, the profile of gender differences of musicians is changing, becoming more complex and elaborate. Results point out the development of musical gender identity that could be caused by the nature of musical activities students pursue. It could also be strongly influenced by culturally stereotyped forms of identities, as well as the personal characteristics of musicians. It is shown that gender identity is related to personality traits and some aspects of high achievements in music performance. It is about multilayered musical identity which is primarily conditioned by professional experiences, but also by biological, psychological, social and individual developmental factors.