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Emulsion electrospinning of PVA/rosemary nanofibers
Emulzija elektrospining nanovlakna PVA/ruzmarina
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a nanofibrous wound dressing material through the emulsion electrospinning method utilizing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer and rosemary essential oil (REO). The study involved the preparation of PVA/REO emulsions at varying REO ratios (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 wt%). First, the emulsion properties, such as viscosity, conductivity, and surface tension, were determined. The incorporation of REO resulted in a discernible enhancement in viscosity, accompanied by a minor reduction in conductivity. There was no appreciable alteration in surface tension. The emulsion electrospinning approach was used to produce the nanofiber composite material from these emulsions. Subsequently, the surface morphology of these nanofiber composites was investigated via the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Although REO increased the diameters of the nanofibers produced, it was observed that the nanofibers were smooth, beadless, and exhibited uniform structural properties. Besides, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify chemical compounds in rosemary essential oil. According to GC-MS analysis, 25 components were identified in REO, and 1.8-cineole (eucalyptol) was identified as the major component (58.7%). The study found that the addition of REO had a significant effect on the emulsion properties and morphology of the nanofibers. The emulsion electrospinning approach was got through to be a promising method for producing composite nanofibers from two immiscible liquids, such as an essential oil and an aqueous polymer solution.
Sažetak
Svrha ovog istraživanja je bila da se razvije nanofibrozni materijal za zavoje rana metodom emulzije elektrospinovanja korišćenjem polimera polivinil alkohola (PVA) i eteričnog ulja ruzmarina (REO). Studija je uključivala pripremu PVA/REO emulzija u različitim REO odnosima (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 tež.%). Prvo su određena svojstva emulzije, kao što su viskoznost, provodljivost i površinski napon. Ugradnja REO je rezultirala uočljivim povećanjem viskoziteta, praćeno manjim smanjenjem provodljivosti. Nije bilo značajnih promena u površinskom naponu. Za proizvodnju kompozitnog materijala od nanovlakna od ovih emulzija korišćen je pristup emulzionog elektropredenja. Nakon toga, morfologija površine ovih kompozita od nanovlakna je ispitana pomoću skenirajućeg elektronskog mikroskopa (SEM). Iako je REO povećao prečnike proizvedenih nanovlakna, primećeno je da su nanovlakna bila glatka, bez perli i da su pokazala ujednačena strukturna svojstva. Pored toga, gasna hromatografija-masena spektrometrija (GC-MS) je korišćena za identifikaciju hemijskih jedinjenja u eteričnom ulju ruzmarina. Prema GC-MS analizi, 25 komponenti je identifikovano u REO, a 1,8-cineol (eukaliptol) je identifikovan kao glavna komponenta (58,7%). Studija je otkrila da dodatak REO ima značajan uticaj na svojstva emulzije i morfologiju nanovlakna. Pristup emulzionog elektropredenja postao je obećavajući metod za proizvodnju kompozitnih nanovlakna iz dve tečnosti koje se ne mešaju, kao što su eterično ulje i vodeni rastvor polimera.
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