2025, IV Tematsko zasedanje: Deratizacija, biosigurnost i, str. 228-236
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Deratizacija komercijalnih farmi - izazovi prilikom sprovođenja tretmana i njihov značaj za prevenciju i kontrolu naročito opasnih zaraznih bolesti životinja i zoonoza
Rodent control on commercial farms: Implementation challenges and its significance for the prevention and control of animal diseases and zoonoses
Sažetak
Glodari su prisutni u gotovo svim oblicima stočarske proizvodnje i prepoznaju se kao značajan faktor rizika za širenje zaraznih bolesti životinja i zoonoza. Njihova sposobnost da prenesu brojne patogene - uključujući bakterije iz roda Salmonella i Leptospira, viruse hantavirusa i hepatitisa E, kao i parazite roda Cryptosporidium - čini ih ozbiljnom pretnjom za biosigurnost i javno zdravlje. Deratizacija, kao oblik organizovane kontrole glodara, u tom smislu predstavlja ključnu preventivnu meru u očuvanju zdravstvene stabilnosti životinjskih populacija. Ovaj rad razmatra savremene pristupe kontrole glodara na farmama kroz pregled bioloških i tehničkih aspekata, regulatornih principa i konkretnih primera primene. Poseban fokus stavljen je na ulogu deratizacije u smanjenju rizika od zoonotskih infekcija, kontaminacije hrane i sekundarne upotrebe antimikrobnih sredstava. Zaključuje se da efikasna kontrola glodara zahteva integrisan, stručno vođen pristup koji uključuje kontinuirani nadzor, obuku i prilagođene mere u skladu sa specifičnostima proizvodnih sistema. Kao takva, deratizacija ima trajno mesto u savremenim konceptima biosigurnosti u stočarstvu.
Abstract
Rodents are present in nearly all forms of livestock production and are recognized as a significant risk factor for the transmission of infectious animal diseases and zoonoses. Their ability to carry and spread a wide range of pathogens - including Salmonella and Leptospira bacteria, hantaviruses and hepatitis E virus, as well as parasites such as Cryptosporidium - makes them a serious threat to biosecurity and public health. Rodent control, in the form of organized deratization, thus represents a critical preventive measure for maintaining the health stability of animal populations. This paper reviews current approaches to rodent control in livestock environments by examining biological, technical, and regulatory aspects, alongside practical implementation examples. Special attention is given to the role of deratization in reducing the risk of zoonotic infections, feed and environmental contamination, and the secondary reliance on antimicrobial treatments. It is concluded that effective rodent control requires an integrated, professionally managed approach involving continuous monitoring, staff education, and context-specific interventions. As such, deratization holds a lasting role within modern biosecurity frameworks in animal husbandry.
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