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Air permeability and physical-mechanical properties of fabrics for production of airbags in automobiles
Propustiljivost vazduha i fizičko-mehanička svojstva tkanina za proizvodnju vazdušnih jastuka u automobilima
Abstract
This paper describes the analysis of raw material composition and structural parameters on the mechanical properties of fabric for the production of airbags. It is about polyamide and polyester fabrics. The breaking force and breaking elongation measurements were performed on a dynamometer, while air permeability measurements were performed on an air permeability device. Five different measurements were taken for each sample and the mean values were determined. All sample analyzes were conducted in a standard atmosphere and the samples were left for 24 h before testing. The mechanical characteristics of fabrics depend on their structural parameters, as well as on the technological conditions of fabric production in the weaving process. Fabric tearing is mainly the result of individual fibers tearing. In fabrics, individual fibers or threads are interwoven, so the application of an external load leads to a rearrangement of the fabric structure, which to a greater or lesser extent results in the stretching of fibers and threads along the axis, which results in anisotropy of mechanical properties. It is noticeable that higher breaking force values were observed for polyamide fabric compared to polyester fabric. Higher breaking force values were observed for the polyamide fabric. Higher air permeability is noticeable with polyester fabric.
Sažetak
U radu je opisana analiza sirovinskog sastava i strukturnih parametara u odnosu na mehanička svojstva tkanine za izradu vazdušnih jastuka u automobilima. Reč je o poliamidnim i poliesterskim tkaninama. Merenja prekidne sile i prekidnog izduženja su obavljena su na dinamometru, a merenje propustljivost vazduha na uređaju za propustljivost vazduha. Za svaki uzorak obavljeno je pet različitih merenja i određene su srednje vrednosti. Sve analize uzoraka urađene su u standardnoj atmosferi i uzorci su ostavljeni 24 h pre ispitivanja. Mehanička svojstva tkanina zavise od strukturnih parametara, kao i tehnoloških uslovima proizvodnje tkanina u procesu tkanja. Kidanje tkanine je uglavnom rezultat kidanja pojedinačnih vlakana. U tkaninama su pojedinačna vlakna ili niti isprepletena, pa primenom spoljašnjeg opterećenja dolazi do menjanja strukture tkanine, što u većoj ili manjoj meri rezultira rastezanjem vlakana i niti duž osi, što rezultira anizotropijom tkanine mehaničkih svojstava. Primetne su veće vrednosti prekidne sile za poliamidnu tkaninu u poređenju sa poliesterskom tkaninom. Vrednosti prekidnog izduženja su veće vrednost za poliestersku tkaninu u poređenju sa poliamidnom tkaninom. Kod poliesterske tkanine uočene su veće vrednosti propustljivosti vazduha.
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