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Antropološki i teoantropološki pogled na fizičke aktivnosti (10)
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Od ravnopravnosti do pravičnosti - rodna perspektiva sporta u Srbiji
Univerzitet odbrane, Vojna akademija, Beograd, Srbija
Ključne reči: femininost; maskulinost; polno tipiziranje; rodna perspektiva; žene u sportu
Sažetak
Rodna ravnopravnost predstavlja davanje jednakih šansi svim osobama kada je u pitanju neka aktivnost. Prema Zakonu o sportu Republike Srbije, oba pola imaju ista prava da se bave sportom. Međutim, ako svi imaju jednake šanse, zašto je u sportu prisutan daleko manji broj žena nego muškaraca? Jedno od objašnjenja su dostupne mogućnosti: u slučaju ravnopravnosti svi imaju jednak tretman (istu startnu poziciju), dok u slučaju jednakosti svi imaju pravedan tretman (resursi za postizanje uspjeha se usklađuju sa potrebama pojedinca). Ravnopravnost naglašava jednake uslove na početku aktivnosti, a jednakost na kraju aktivnosti, kada svi imaju obezbeđene jednake mogućnosti ne za započinjanje aktivnosti, već za postizanje uspjeha. Stoga je cilj ovog rada da se ustanovi odnos između rodne ravnopravnosti i rodne jednakosti u srpskom sportu. Uzorkom je bilo obuhvaćeno 1013 sportista, od čega 62.88 % muškaraca i 37.12 % žena. Upitnik se sastojao od opštih podataka o sportistima i podjele zasnovane na rodnoj klasifikaciji sportova. Rezultati su pokazali da postoje značajne razlike u pogledu zastupljenosti žena u pojedinim sportovima, da se od ponuđene 72 sportske discipline čak 58.33 % posmatraju kao rodno neutralne, ali i da se najviše žena bavi rodno neutralnim sportovima - 62.5 % Kod muškaraca je dobijena jednaka zastupljenost u bavljenju neutralnim i maskulinim sportovima, dok se femininim sportovima ne bave. Stoga možemo zaključiti da je proces rodnog tipiziranja sporta kod oba pola pomjeren ka neutralnim sportovima, što potvrđuje tezu o ravnopravnosti, ali ne i pravičnosti, jer je proces rodnog tipiziranja sporta i dalje više prisutan kod muškaraca.
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jezik rada: srpski
vrsta rada: izvorni naučni članak
DOI: 10.5937/ATAVPA24002P
objavljen na Portalu: 26.04.2024.
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